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| Wigley,P; Kaiser,P. |
| Cytokines are proteins secreted by cells that play an important role in the activation and regulation of other cells and tissues during inflammation and immune responses. Although well described in several mammalian species, the role of cytokines and other related proteins is poorly understood in avian species. Recent advances in avian genetics and immunology have begun to allow the exploration of cytokines in health and disease. Cytokines may be classified in a number of ways, but may be conveniently arranged into four broad groups on the basis of their function. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and interleukin-1beta play a role in mediating inflammation during disease or injury. Th1 cytokines, including interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma,... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Cytokines; Immunity; Infectious disease; Inflammation; Vaccination. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2003000100001 |
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| Soares,Killarney Ataide; Urdapilleta,Ada Amália Ayala; Santos,Gilcilene Maria dos; Carneiro,Andréa Lisboa; Gomes,Ciro Martins; Roselino,Ana Maria; Sampaio,Raimunda Nonata Ribeiro. |
| Background: Several tests are performed to obtain better accuracy when diagnosing American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL). It is believed that antigens released via secretion, excretion and metabolism are more specific than are antigens released by the lysis of Leishmaniaparasites. Such antigens are known as exo-antigens (exo-Ag) and are formed from products released by cultured parasites in a way that is similar to that in which they cause infections in hosts.Objective: We attempted to validate a Leishmania mexicanaELISA exo-Ag for ATL diagnosis in Midwestern Brazil.Methods: A total of 281 patients were included in the study. We analysed pre-treatment blood from 98 ATL patients; out of those, 85.7% and 14.3% had cutaneous and mucosal forms,... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Diagnostics; Disease control; Infectious disease; Leishmaniasis. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000300302 |
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| Soares,I.S.; Rodrigues,M.M.. |
| Malaria remains the most prevalent and devastating parasitic disease worldwide. Vaccination is considered to be an approach that will complement other strategies for prevention and control of the disease in the future. In the last 10 years, intense studies aimed at the development of a malaria vaccine have provided important knowledge of the nature of the host immunological mechanisms of protection and their respective target antigens. It became well established that protective immune responses can be generated against the distinct stages of Plasmodium. However, in general, protective immune responses are directed at stage-specific antigens. The elucidation of the primary structure of these antigens made possible the generation of synthetic and recombinant... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Malaria; Plasmodium; Vaccine; Immunity; Infectious disease. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000300002 |
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| KAWATA, Yukichika; 河田, 幸視. |
| The Susceptible-Infective-Recovered (SIR) model has been used in many scientific areas to describe the diffusion of infectious diseases. Many researches have been conducted in wild animal management using SIR models. This paper reviews these existing researches to overview applied species, infectious diseases, types of SIR models, and others. SIR モデルは，感染症の伝播を表すモデルとして広く 用いられている。野生動物に対して，これまでに相当の 数の研究が蓄積されている。しかしながら，適用対象と なる野生動物や感染症，SIR モデルの種類について，著 者が知る限り既存研究の整理はされていない。そこで本 稿は，SIR モデルの野生動物への適用をレビューした。 野生動物管理に用いられ始めたのは1980年代初頭で，そ の後しばらくは狂犬病のみが研究対象であったが，1990 年代には細菌，2000年代にはプリオンにも適用されてい る。研究の過半は2000年代におこなわれており，近年の 数理的手法を用いた研究の必要性を反映した結果と思わ れる。しかしながら，研究の大半はヨーロッパやアメリ カに偏っており，研究の半分は狂犬病が占めている。今後は，わが国も含めた研究対象国の拡大や，適用する感 染症を広めてゆくことが必要と考えられる。 |
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Palavras-chave: SIR model; Wild animal management; Infectious disease; Pathogen; SIR モデル; 野生動物管理; 感染症; 病原体. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2719 |
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| Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine; Mavingui, Patrick; Boetsch, Gilles; Boissier, Jerome; Darriet, Frederic; Duboz, Priscilla; Fritsch, Clementine; Giraudoux, Patrick; Le Roux, Frederique; Morand, Serge; Paillard, Christine; Pontier, Dominique; Sueur, Cedric; Voituron, Yann. |
| Over the past decade, a significant increase in the circulation of infectious agents was observed. With the spread and emergence of epizootics, zoonoses, and epidemics, the risks of pandemics became more and more critical. Human and animal health has also been threatened by antimicrobial resistance, environmental pollution, and the development of multifactorial and chronic diseases. This highlighted the increasing globalization of health risks and the importance of the human–animal–ecosystem interface in the evolution and emergence of pathogens. A better knowledge of causes and consequences of certain human activities, lifestyles, and behaviors in ecosystems is crucial for a rigorous interpretation of disease dynamics and to drive public policies. As a... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: One health; EcoHealth; Infectious disease; Non-communicable disease; Multifactorial disease; Ecotoxicology; Interdisciplinary research; Public health. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00425/53676/54518.pdf |
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